Antimicrobial resistance profile in five surveillance sites in Guinea, October 2021 to June 2022
- Anti-microbial resistance
Background
According to the World Health Organization, each year about 700,000 deaths from infection worldwide are due to resistant bacteria. In October 2021, Guinea implemented antimicrobial resistance (AMR) surveillance at five sites to identify germ resistance to antibiotics used to guide clinicians in the management of antibioticrelated cases. This analysis was conducted to characterize the antimicrobial resistance profile to inform medical management policy.
Methods
A case series study was conducted on surveillance data from the five laboratories from 1/10/2021 to 30/06/2022. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests were performed on germs identified on Mac Conkey or Chapman medium at the five sites. Proportions have been calculated with Excel 2016.
Results
Of the 1435 samples subjected to microbial culture, 1182 (82.4%) was urine, 73 (5.1%) pus and 71 (4.9%) stool. Germs were identified in 139 (9.7%) isolate including 70 (50.4%) enterobacteriaceae and 37 (40%) staphylococci. Seventy-five (54%) of the isolates had AMR. The AMR was 58 (39.7 %) E.Coli, 20 (46.5%) Klebsiella pneumoniae, 40 (46 %) Staphylococcus aureus and 22 (45.8%) Staphylococcus xylosis. Antimicrobial resistance was 20 (17%) to ciprofloxacin, 17 (15 %) nitrofurantoin, 18 (16 %) to cotrimoxazole, 16 (14 %) to ampicillin, 18 (16 %) gentamycin, 16 (14 %) to ceftazidime and 9 (8 %) to ceftriaxone. Staphylococcus xylosis resistance to ampicillin 6 (60%) and E. coli resistance to ticarcillin 9 (60%) were more represented in Conakry, while E. coli resistance to nitrofurantoin 3 (60%) was more represented in Kindia.
Conclusion
Enterobacteria and staphylococci were the germs most found in isolates and most resistant to antimicrobials. Resistance was observed against commonly used antimicrobials. These results were presented to clinicians to avoid prescribing antibiotics known to be resistant to these germs. We recommend to raise awareness of selfmedication to limit the occurrence of AMR, and extend AMR surveillance to the three remain Guinea’s regions.
According to the World Health Organization, each year about 700,000 deaths from infection worldwide are due to resistant bacteria. In October 2021, Guinea implemented antimicrobial resistance (AMR) surveillance at five sites to identify germ resistance to antibiotics used to guide clinicians in the management of antibioticrelated cases. This analysis was conducted to characterize the antimicrobial resistance profile to inform medical management policy.
Methods
A case series study was conducted on surveillance data from the five laboratories from 1/10/2021 to 30/06/2022. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests were performed on germs identified on Mac Conkey or Chapman medium at the five sites. Proportions have been calculated with Excel 2016.
Results
Of the 1435 samples subjected to microbial culture, 1182 (82.4%) was urine, 73 (5.1%) pus and 71 (4.9%) stool. Germs were identified in 139 (9.7%) isolate including 70 (50.4%) enterobacteriaceae and 37 (40%) staphylococci. Seventy-five (54%) of the isolates had AMR. The AMR was 58 (39.7 %) E.Coli, 20 (46.5%) Klebsiella pneumoniae, 40 (46 %) Staphylococcus aureus and 22 (45.8%) Staphylococcus xylosis. Antimicrobial resistance was 20 (17%) to ciprofloxacin, 17 (15 %) nitrofurantoin, 18 (16 %) to cotrimoxazole, 16 (14 %) to ampicillin, 18 (16 %) gentamycin, 16 (14 %) to ceftazidime and 9 (8 %) to ceftriaxone. Staphylococcus xylosis resistance to ampicillin 6 (60%) and E. coli resistance to ticarcillin 9 (60%) were more represented in Conakry, while E. coli resistance to nitrofurantoin 3 (60%) was more represented in Kindia.
Conclusion
Enterobacteria and staphylococci were the germs most found in isolates and most resistant to antimicrobials. Resistance was observed against commonly used antimicrobials. These results were presented to clinicians to avoid prescribing antibiotics known to be resistant to these germs. We recommend to raise awareness of selfmedication to limit the occurrence of AMR, and extend AMR surveillance to the three remain Guinea’s regions.