Background: The MoH, The Gambia was notified of increased deaths among children due to acute Kidney injury in July 2022. The notification suspected drug toxicity, because of Nigeria’s ...

Background: In March 2021, Sierra Leone introduced the COVID-19 vaccine to halt the spread of the virus. As of November 30, 2022, the vaccination coverage among the general population ...

Background: Evidence of short- and long-term effects on mental health among health care workers (HCW) occurred in previous outbreaks. This study aims to profile participants, determine...

Background: Viral suppression is key indicator of antiretroviral treatment (ART) success. In Kenya adolescents and young people (AYP) living with HIV have low-level viral load suppress...

Background: The Belize Central Prison (BCP) has an average of 250 staff members and inmate population of 1200 housed in eighteen locations. Healthcare is provided by one medical office...

Background: After 2 years of zero Covid-19 transmission, the Falkland Islands (FI) reported their first community Covid-19 case in April 2022. Because of high vaccine coverage (88% of ...

Background: COVID-19 was first detected in Kyrgyz Republic in March 2020. The largest COVID-19 surge occurred in June–July when reported COVID-19 deaths also peaked. Reported deaths do...

Background Zambia conducts sentinel surveillance for influenza among outpatients with influenza like illness (ILI) and inpatients with severe acute respiratory illness (SARI) to detect...

Background From 01 July 2020, a previous episode of invasive pneumococcal disease was added as a risk factor for recommendation and eligibility to receive funded pneumococcal vaccines ...

Background In June, 2021, an outbreak of COVID-19 occurred at a Mining Project located in the Guyana-Amazon rainforest. The Mining Project had implemented protocols for compound entry,...

Background In August 2021, a 17-year-old female presented to the Emergency Department of the St. Georges General Hospital, with body aches and flu-like symptoms. The patient subsequent...

Background In Australia, the Victoria State Government uses wastewater surveillance to detect new incursions of COVID-19. Wastewater is analysed for SARS-CoV-2 shed by infected individ...

Background The need for a surveillance system is often realized in face of health emergencies not allowing enough time to establish a formal surveillance system. The prohibitive costs ...

Background Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) surveillance is essential in understanding the epidemiology and impact of this previously undescribed disease. Public health surveillance...

Background The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the need for early warning systems in the context of emerging and re-emerging diseases, in the same way, it constitutes a test for the ...

Background Disease prevention and control requires prompt and adequate actions towards reduction or elimination of existing conditions, and preventing new occurrences. Efficient decisi...

Background Lyme carditis is a rare and potentially fatal manifestation of Lyme disease. Although Lyme disease is nationally notifiable, data on clinical manifestations are not collecte...

Background Since 1996, Minnesota Department of Health (MDH) has supplemented routine infectious disease surveillance with unexplained infectious deaths surveillance, usually in persons...

Background: Inappropriate health-seeking behaviour (HSB) and self-medication with antibiotics (SMA) contribute to antimicrobial resistance (AMR). The global problem of AMR is particula...

Background: Annually in Kazakhstan ~5,000 newborns are unvaccinated because of parental hesitancy. Hesitancy has resulted in resurgence of diseases with 16,967 measles cases registered...

Background: Geospatial factors can affect SARS-CoV-2 transmission and have been used to prioritise COVID-19 surveillance and response activities. However, no information exists on the ...

Background: The first COVID-19 wave in Uganda occurred during late 2020, caused by Alpha and Eta variants of SARS-CoV-2. In March 2021, the country began offering Astra-Zeneca COVID-19...

Background: Pakistan is among the countries with a very high burden of maternal mortality. Since the introduction of COVID-19 vaccination, millions of pregnant women have been vaccinat...

Background: Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL), with a case fatality rate (CFR) of 95% if untreated, is endemic in 9 of 47 counties in Kenya. Between January 2020 and August 2021, Kenya repor...